FRACKING BEYOND THE LAW Despite Industry Denials, Investigation Reveals Continued Use of Diesel Fuels in Hydraulic Fracturing
The Environmental Integrity Project (EIP) is a nonpartisan, nonprofit organization established in March of 2002 by former EPA enforcement attorneys to advocate for effective enforcement of environmental laws. Report August 13, 2014
DRINKING WATER: EPA Program to Protect Underground Sources from Injection of Fluids Associated With Oil and Gas Production Needs Improvement
Increased stray gas abundance in a subset of drinking water wells near Marcellus shale gas extraction
By Robert B. Jackson, Avner Vengosh, Thomas H. Darrah, Nathaniel R. Warner, Adrian Downs, Robert J. Poredac,
Stephen G. Osborn, Kaiguang Zhao,and Jonathan D. Karr,
June, 2013
Risks of shale gas exploration and hydraulic fracturing to water resources in the–Abstract
by Avner Vengosh, Robert B. Jackson, Nathaniel Warner, Thomas H. Darrah Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University; National Academy of Sciences, May, 2013
Risks of Shale Gas Exploration and Hydraulic Fracturing to Water Resources in the United States (Powerpoint)
by Avner Vengosh, Robert B. Jackson, Nathaniel Warner, Thomas H. Darrah Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University; National Academy of Sciences, May, 2013
Methane and Water Contamination Associated with Shale Gas Development and Hydrofracking
An overview of the science behind gas extraction via hydraulic fracturing, including potential groundwater impacts and the treatment of wastewater by Avner Vengosh, Ph.D of Duke University, July, 2012. (Video: 38 minutes)
FLUID MIGRATION MECHANISMS DUE TO FAULTY WELL DESIGN AND/OR CONSTRUCTION
An overview and recent experiences in the Pennsylvania Marcellus play. By Anthony R. Ingraffea, Ph.D. October, 2012.
Groundwater: Potential Contaminant Pathways from Hydraulically Fractured Shale to Aquifers
Hydrologist Tom Myers discusses evidence that fracking could contaminate groundwater in a matter of years. 2012.
Evaluating Ground-Water Contamination Due to Gas Drilling
Geologist Samuel S. Harrison’s 1983 study of drilling related ground-water contamination in northwest Pennsylvania.
Documenting Contamination of Private Water Supplies by Gas Well Drilling in New York State
There is solid evidence that gas wells have contaminated drinking water wells in the past. However, very few systematic studies have
been done, and exact numbers are hard to come by. By Stephen Penningroth, Ph.D., Executive Director, Community Science Institute.
Well Water Contamination: SWPA-EHP Ranking System and Monitoring Strategy
By David Brown, Sc.D, Celia Lewis, PhD; and Beth Weinberger, PhD
Consultants to the Southwest Pennsylvania Environmental Health Project, may 2012.
Natural Gases in Ground Water
A study conducted in Tioga County, PA. Published by the USGS and the Department of the Interior, 2007.
2010 Report to the CO Dept of Public Health & Environment
The Department of Natural Resources on Water Quality Standards and Classifications.
PHASE I HYDROGEOLOGIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MAMM CREEK FIELD AREA IN GARFIELD COUNTY
Prepared for
Board of County Commissioners,
Garfield County, Colorado. March 23, 2006.
Phase II Hydrogeologic Characterization of the Mamm Creek Field Area, Garfield County, Colorado
A study commissioned by Garfield County show increasing levels of methane and chlorides in groundwater coincident with increased drilling.
December 20, 2008.
Review of Phase II Hydrogeologic Study
Prepared for Garfield County by Geoffrey Thyne, December 20, 2008.
An evaluation of water quality in private drinking water wells
article by Brian E Fontenot, Laura R Hunt, Zacariah Louis Hildenbrand, Doug D Carlton, Hyppolite Oka, Jayme L Walton, Dan Hopkins, Alexandra Osorio, Bryan Bjorndal, Qinhong Hu, and Kevin Albert Schug Environ. Sci. Technol., Posted July 2013
FRACTURE LINES: Will Canada’s Water be Protected in the Rush to Develop Shale Gas?
By Ben Parfitt
For the Program on Water Issues
Munk School of Global Affairs at the University of Toronto
September 15, 2010
Shale Gas in British Columbia: Risks to B.C.’s water resources
By Karen Cambpell and Matt Horne, Pembina Institute, September 2011.
Caltex Energy Inc. Hydraulic Fracturing Incident 16-27-068-10W6M September 22, 2011
ERCB Investigation Report
December 20, 2012
The Threat From Hydrofracking
The impact of gas drilling on NYC’s water. By Paul V. Rush, published by the American Water Works Association, September, 2010.
Oral Testimony of Paul Rubin before the Senate Democratic Conference
A hydrologist makes the case for banning hydraulic fracturing throughout New York State and the Delaware River Basin. Albany, April 25, 2012
Geochemical evidence for possible natural migration of Marcellus Formation brine to shallow aquifers in Pennsylvania
“We present geochemical evidence from northeastern Pennsylvania showing that pathways,unrelated to recent drilling activities, exist in some locations between deep underlying formations and shallow drinking water
aquifers.” A study, conducted by scientists at Duke University and California State Polytechnic University and published inthe Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. July 9, 2012.
Biodegradation in Waters from Hydraulic Fracturing: Chemistry, Microbiology, and Engineering
Abstract, Journal of Environmental Engineering, October, 2013.
Hydraulic Fracturing and Water Resources: Separating the Frack from the Fiction
Heather Cooley and Kristina Donnelly, Pacific Institute, June, 2012
Hydraulic Fracturing– Protection of Drinking Water Supplies
American Water Works Assoc., Assoc. of Metropolitan Water Agencies and the National Assoc. of Water Companies statement of legislative and regulatory actions needed to protect water supplies.
Not So Fast Natural Gas
Why Accelerating Risky Drilling Threatens
America’s Water. A July 2010 booklet by Food & Water Watch.
Reply to Saba and Orzechowski and Schon: Re: Methane contamination
Authors of the Duke University report respond to criticism of their study by PNAS , dated Sept 13, 2011
Risks of Shale Gas Exploration and Hydraulic Fracturing to Water Resources in the U.S: Hydraulic fracturing of unconventionals and water resources–Powerpoint
Jean-Philippe Nicot, National Academy of Sciences, May, 2013
The Impact of Marcellus Gas Drilling on Rural Drinking Water Supplies
Study by The Center for Rural Pennsylvania by Elizabeth W. Boyer, Ph.D., Bryan R. Swistock, M.S., James Clark, M.A., Mark Madden, B.s., and Dana E. Rizzo. M.S. Oct, 2011
Methane contamination of drinking water accompanying gas-well drilling and hydraulic fracturing
The peer-reviewed Duke University study that demonstrates that fracking contaminates drinking water with methane. By Stephen G. Osborn, Avner Vengosh, Nathaniel R. Warner and Robert B. Jackson. April 14, 2011.
Water Pollution Risk Associated with Natural Gas Extraction from the Marcellus Shale
By Daniel J. Rozell and Sheldon J. Reaven. Published by Stony Brook University, December 28,2011
Brief Review of Threats to Canada’s Groundwater from the oil and Gas Industry’s Methan Migration and Hydraulic Fracturing
by Ernst Environmental Services, June, 2013
Evaluation of Well Logs for Determining the Presence of Freshwater, Saltwater, and Gas above the Marcellus Shale in Chemung, Tioga, and Broome Counties, New York
US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5224 35 pages
Natural Gas Invasion of Aquifers
Gas Invasion of Aquifers in Bainbridge Township, Geauga County, Ohio by the Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Mineral Resources Management. By the Ohio Department of Natural Resources. September, 2008.
Hydrology and the Marcellus Shale
An analysis by hydrologist Tom Myers submitted to the NYS DEC in response to the Draft SGEIS. Decemeber 2009.
Creation of an Artificially Produced Fracture Zone to Prevent Contaminated Groundwater Migration.
By Kristen Franz Begor, Michael A. Miller and Rodney W. Sutch, 1989.
Natural Gases in Ground Water Near Tioga Junction, Tioga County, North-Central PA–Occurrence and Use of Isotopes to Determine Origins, 2005
Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5085 by U.S. Geological Survey and PA DEC Posted Sept.2011
Wisconsin’s Frac Sand Boom: Stealing our hills to poison our water
Brochure published by Wisconsin Network for Peace and Justice. Posted Oct 5, 2012
Contamination of Aquifers by Overpressuring
Annulus of Oil and Gas Wells, Samuel S. Harrison, May/June 1985.
Physicians, Scientists & Engineeers for Healthy Energy letter to Governor Cuomo
On water filtration systems signed by Dr. Robert Howarth and 48 other scientists. Sept 15, 2011.
Trashing the Planet for Natural Gas: Shale Gas Devleopment Threatens Freshwater Sources
By Karen Charman, undated.
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